Skip to main content

Cheat sheet for linux



mkdir – make directories
Usage: mkdir [OPTION] DIRECTORY…
eg. mkdir lhnls – list directory contents
Usage: ls [OPTION]… [FILE]…
eg. ls, ls ­l, ls lhncd – changes directories
Usage: cd [DIRECTORY]
eg. cd lhnpwd ­-  print name of current working directory
Usage: pwdvim – Vi Improved, a programmers text editor
Usage: vim [OPTION] [file]…
eg. vim lhn.txtcp – copy files and directories
Usage: cp [OPTION]… SOURCE DEST
eg. cp sample.txt sample_copy.txt
cp sample_copy.txt target_dirmv – move (rename) files
Usage: mv [OPTION]… SOURCE DEST
eg. mv source.txt target_dir
mv old.txt new.txtrm ­ remove files or directories
Usage: rm [OPTION]… FILE…
eg. rm file1.txt , rm ­rf some_dirfind – search for files in a directory hierarchy
Usage: find [OPTION] [path] [pattern]
eg. find file1.txt, find ­name file1.txthistory – prints recently used commands
Usage: historycat – concatenate files and print on the standard output
Usage: cat [OPTION] [FILE]…
eg. cat file1.txt file2.txt
cat ­n file1.txtecho – display a line of text
Usage: echo [OPTION] [string] …
eg. echo I love India
echo $HOMEgrep ­- print lines matching a pattern
Usage: grep [OPTION] PATTERN [FILE]…
eg. grep ­i apple sample.txt wc ­- print the number of newlines, words, and bytes in files
Usage: wc [OPTION]… [FILE]…
eg.  wc file1.txt
wc ­L file1.txtsort – sort lines of text files
Usage: sort [OPTION]… [FILE]…
eg. sort file1.txt
sort ­r file1.txttar – to archive a file
Usage: tar [OPTION] DEST SOURCE
eg. tar ­cvf /home/archive.tar /home/original
tar ­xvf /home/archive.tarkill – to kill a process(using signal mechanism)
Usage: kill [OPTION] pid
eg. kill ­9 2275ps – report a snapshot of the current processes
Usage: ps [OPTION]
eg. ps,  ps ­elwho – show who is logged on
Usage: who [OPTION]
eg. who , who ­b , who ­qpasswd – update  a user’s authentication tokens(s)
Usage: passwd [OPTION]
eg. passwd su –  change user ID or become super­user
Usage: su [OPTION] [LOGIN]
eg. su remo, suchown – change file owner and group
Usage: chown [OPTION]… OWNER[:[GROUP]] FILE…
eg. chown remo myfile.txtchmod – change file access permissions
Usage: chmod [OPTION] [MODE] [FILE]
eg. chmod 744 calculate.shzip – package and compress (archive) files
Usage: zip [OPTION] DEST SOURSE
eg. zip original.zip originalunzip – list, test and extract compressed files in a ZIP archive
Usage: unzip filename
eg. unzip original.zissh – SSH client (remote login program)
“ssh is a program for logging into a remote machine and for
executing commands on a remote machine”
Usage: ssh [options] [user]@hostname
eg. ssh ­X guest@10.105.11.20scp – secure copy (remote file copy program)
“scp copies files between hosts on a network”
Usage: scp [options] [[user]@host1:file1] [[user]@host2:file2]
eg. scp file1.txt guest@10.105.11.20:~/Desktop/fdisk – partition manipulator
eg. sudo fdisk ­lmount – mount a file system
Usage: mount ­t type device dir
eg. mount /dev/sda5 /media/targetumount – unmount file systems
Usage: umount [OPTIONS] dir | device…
eg.  umount /media/targetdu – estimate file space usage
Usage:  du [OPTION]… [FILE]…
eg. dudf – report filesystem disk space usage
Usage: df [OPTION]… [FILE]…
eg. dfquota – display disk usage and limits
Usage: quota [OPTION]
eg. quota ­vreboot – reboot the system
Usage: reboot [OPTION]
eg. rebootpoweroff – power off the system
Usage: poweroff [OPTION]
eg. poweroffkate – KDE Advanced Text Editor
Usage:  kate [options][file(s)]
eg. kate file1.txt file2.txtvim – Vi Improved, a programmers text editor
Usage: vim [OPTION] [file]…
eg. vi hello.cgedit ­ A text Editor. Used to create and edit files.
Usage: gedit [OPTION] [FILE]…
eg. geditbg – make a foreground process to run in background
Usage: type ‘ctrl+z’  and then ‘bg ‘fg – to make background process as foreground process
Usage: fg [jobid]jobs – displays the names and ids of background jobs
Usage: jobssed ­  stream editor for filtering and transforming text
Usage: sed [OPTION] [input­file]…
eg. sed ‘s/love/hate/g’ loveletter.txtawk ­ pattern scanning and processing language
eg.  awk ­F: ‘{ print $1 }’ sample_awk.txtfind ­ search for files in a directory hierarchy
Usage: find [OPTION] [path] [pattern]
eg. find ­name file1.txtlocate – find or locate a file
Usage: locate [OPTION]… FILE…
eg. locate file1.txt

Related  Here is How You Can Encrypt your Facebook messages using Secret Conversations

Linux File Permissions

3 types of file permissions – read, write, execute10 bit format from ‘ls ­l’ command
1             2 3 4      5 6 7     8 9 10
file type    owner     group    others
eg. drwxrw­r­­   means owner has all three permissions,
group has read and write, others have only read
permissionread permission – 4, write – 2, execute ­1
eg. rwxrw­r­­   = 764
673    =   rw­rwx­wx

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

So what exactly is cryptography

Nowadays Internet is an important part of Life.  We are using the Internet for sending confidential data also like password,for storing army secrets. But the Internet is insecure medium.we all use internet at a daily basis.  Do you know why? Insecure Medium: Imagine you are sending a data.  In internet world, data are separated as packets and send to the destination.  Do you think the data directly reaching the destination?   If  you think so,you are wrong.  The packets are going through different routers.  Finally, the data is sent to the user.  In this gap, Intruders(i mean attackers) takes advantages. so who are they .the are  I.they  can see what you are sending.  Because your data are simple and easy to readable by anyone. How to secure the data? We can not stop the intruders and their activities.  But we can make our data as Unreadable for Intruders.  For this purpose, the Cryptography is introduce...
Post a Comment
Read more

Lunix malware havoc

The Krebs DDoS attacks have proven that the IoT landscape is a fertile ground that can breed huge botnets capable of launching massive DDoS assaults. As such, it should be no surprise that malware authors are now focusing their efforts on this sector and putting out new threats in the hopes of building the next Mirai botnet. One of the latest additions to the IoT malware market is a trojan codenamed Linux/NyaDrop, recently reverse engineered by MalwareMustDie, the same researcher who discovered the Mirai malware. MalwareMustDie points out in his research that this binary appeared in May, but was somewhat simplistic and not that common. Things changed after the Krebs DDoS attacks, and a new sample has appeared on the market, with the malware’s author most likely drawn back to the IoT landscape by Mirai’s success. Just like most IoT malware nowadays, NyaDrop’s author relies on brute-forcing Internet-exposed IoT devices using their default credentials. In a conversati...
Post a Comment
Read more

Remove virus from android

Desktops aren’t the only gadgets that can be affected by a virus. Android devices have a malware problem and it’s growing every day. If you do get a virus, you could perform a factory reset to get rid of it, but that means you’d lose all your data — those photos you shot, the saved games, the text messages, and everything else. Obviously, you want a factory reset to be your last option. So what can you do to remove a virus from Android without a factory reset? Is It Really a Virus? If your phone isn’t functioning the way it should be, there’s a chance you have some malware on it. One wrong tap somewhere and a malicious file might have been downloaded on your phone, which is leeching battery life, Internet resources, or your personal data. But it could be something else. Suppose your Android refuses to boot or crashes every time it starts up. Or maybe you can’t seem to download apps from the Play Store. These are not necessarily caused...
Post a Comment
Read more